Even in a relatively modest producer like the uk, pulp and paper accounts singlehandedly for energy use of over 100 pj per annum 10 17 j, 10 8 gj. In this process the pulp is obtained by digesting wood chips with an acid liquor at high pressure and temperature. Figure 1 below presents a flow diagram of the pulp and paper manufacturing process. Focus on energy pulp and paper team members contributed to the development of this guidebook. Paper and pulp are made from cellulosic fibers and other plant materials. This is a batch process starting with the filling of wood chips, charging with liquor, bringing up to pressure and temperature, cooking and discharging pulp to the blow tank. There are an estimated 386 pulp and or paper manufacturing facilities in the in the u. Because the pulp and paper industry is capitalintensive with facilities specific to the tasks 1, new technology must either reduce expenses or fit easily into the existing process design. This industry is the largest industrial process water user in the united states. The pulp and paper mill although there are several chemical and mechanical pulping methods used for delignifying wood table 2l, separating fibers, and removing discoloration, all integrated pulp and paper mills involve the same general steps in the manufacture of pulp and paper. The paper and pulp industry is concerned with the production of a number of cellulosebased products from wood. Paper production is basically a twostep process in which a fibrous raw material is first converted into pulp, and then the pulp is converted into paper.
The pulp and paper industry is a huge energy consumer. Pulp and paper manufacturing process in the paper industry. Resolute forest products announced the appointment of. Some synthetic materials may be used to impart special qualities to the finished product. The harvested wood is first processed so that the fibres are separated from the unusable fraction of the wood, the lignin. Pulp is a lignocellulosic fibrous material prepared by chemically or mechanically separating cellulose fibers from wood, fiber crops, waste paper, or rags. It produces 9 million tons of pulp each year united states environmental protection agency, 1997a. An osha covered process is a defined term that subjects certain equipment to psm regulatory requirements such as process hazard analyses, management of change, and mechanical integrity inspections previous tappi guidance has narrowly defined covered process within the pulp and paper industry as equipment containing. Pulp and paper manufacturing process in the paper industry paper plays a key role in our daily life and papers have been used for many years from now. Process simulation is used for two main tasks in the pulp and paper industry. Mixed with water and other chemical or plantbased additives, pulp is the major raw material used in papermaking and the industrial production of other paper products.
Pulp, paper and board sulzer is the world leader in innovative, reliable, and proven pumping, agitation and mixing solutions for the pulp and paper industry. The paper and pulp industry manufactures pulp and paper from wood or recycled fiber. Pulp and paper manufacturing processes in papermaking industry. The bangor daily news reports that nd paper is close to restarting pulp production at. Pulp and paper companies are reluctant to build or expand plants when the overall industry has enough capacity to satisfy market demands 1. Recently, the use of wastepaper accounts for more than half of the fiber raw. Milagros cabangon instructor pamantasan ng lungsod ng maynila college of engineering. The wood pulp is diluted with 100 times its weight. In pulp and paper industry simulation is used on four typical levels jutila and leiviska, 1981. The data for the pulp mill came from the canadian industry program for energy conservation and the data for the remainder came from jaakko poyry. Yet, others focus on the processing of recycling paper materials. Therefore, 1 carton 10 reams of 100% virgin copier paper uses 0. Basic overview of pulp and paper manufacturing process.
It was during this course that i got an indepth look at the pulp and papermaking. The pulp and paper industry is very diversified, using many types of raw materials to produce very different kinds. Combat paper making a iraq veteran talking about papermaking demo 4th grade paper making. Benchmarking is the process of determining who is the very best, who sets the standard. Finishing process to provide a suitable surface for usage. As to paper pulp manufacturing process, several processes are commonly used to convert logs to wood pulp.
Papers are made with the pulp of the woods, which is an ecofriendly product. Pulping is done mechanically, thermomechanically, chemically, or with combinations of these treatments. Pulp and paper are developed through a soup of chemical, physical and mechanical processes. Process and technology status the pulp and paper industry. Tappi is a professional organization dedicated to the pulp and paper industries. Both capitalized and lowercase spelling kraft process and kraft process appear in the literature, but kraft is most commonly used in the pulp and paper industry. Pulp and paper industry an overview sciencedirect topics. Pdf production planning in the pulp and paper industry. Some pulp and paper mills may also include converting operations e. Pulp and paper processing mills are found in more than 100 countries, with some mills only focusing on pulp or paper manufacturing, and others covering the entire production process from start to finish. Andritz offers complete optimization solutions for the pulp and paper industry. Arnold grummers papermill complete papermaking crafts. Chemical pulp manufacturing process kraft pulp processing. This chapter identifies the chemicals involved in the process of production and provides general guidance on hazardous waste mitigation.
In this paper the main interest is directed to mill and process level. In the mechanical process, logs are first tumbled in drums to remove the bark. Our deep process and application knowledge is based on longterm close cooperation with the producers, machinery suppliers and engineering companies. Pulp and paper pulp is the fibrous mass that results when a pulping process ruptures the bonds in the wood structure that hold the woody cells together. Paper and pulp industry manufacturing and treatment processes a. Upm invests in a world class pulp mill in central uruguay. Dec 11, 2017 pamantasan ng lungsod ng maynila college of engineering and technology department of chemical engineering 1 pulp and paper industry pulp and paper industry submitted by. Upm has recently made the investment decision to construct a 2,1 million tonne greenfield eucalyptus.
Benjamin thorp has held several leadership positions with major pulp and paper manufacturers, including georgiapacific, chesapeake, james river and others, with special emphasis on energy efficiency and vision 2020. How to change pulp to paper in paper manufacturing process. The waste water from the industries is harmful, causes pollution. It includes information on the pulp and paper processes and provides guidelines as to the correct selection and successful application of ssp rotary lobe pumps. On the process of paper manufacturing process, in order to finally turn the pulp into paper, the pulp is fed or pumped into giant, automated papermaking machines.
Among the latest developments entering the industrialization phase, the following can be mentioned. Control systems and applications for the pulp and paper industry control of the entire operation abbs control systems seamlessly integrate every component in the plant and provide instant access to information through the entire operation. The main steps of the process are pulping, papermaking and paper finishing. Rapid analysis throughout the pulp and paper industry. If you ever thought pulp and papermaking was a simple process, think again. Despite many challenges, the pulp and paper industry is a dynamically developing branch of industry in the world. The choice of pulping process is determined by the desired product, by the wood species available, and by economic considerations. Typical process diagram for paper and pulp production wood and recycled wastepaper are the main raw materials for paper pulp fiber, the former accounting for 43 percent and the latter accounting for the remaining 57 percent.
Typical process diagram for paper and pulp production. Indian paper industry status structure of the indian paper industry major raw materials used in the indian paper industry manufacturing process pulping process bleaching process 4 3. The process uses intensive energy, water and various chemicals in which some are hazardous. This industry takes raw lumber and fibrous materials from various sources, reduces the material. The kraft process, which uses sodium hydroxide naoh and sodium sulphide na2s to pulp wood, is the dominant pulping process in the pulp and paper industry. Economies of scale thus are critical to profitability. About million tonsyear of kraft pulp are produced globally, accounting for twothirds of the worlds virgin pulp production and for over 90% of chemical pulp. Because of the differences of chemical pulping methods, fiber raw materials and paper industry production scales, the chemical paper pulping equipment is different. Developed based on more than 20 years of experience in pulp and paper control applications, it helps papermakers to increase engineering efficiency and ease of operation. Our optimization of process performance opp tool is a realtime database that detects operational issues, which can then be optimized with our advanced process control tools. Commercial processes are generally classified as mechanical, chemical, or semi. End products of pulp and paper mills depend on the pulping process, and may include market pulp and various types of paper or paperboard products. Supply chain management in the pulp and paper industry dt2006am3 7 pulp based on eucalyptus is the grade that is growing fastest. Industrial process to make bleached kraft eucalyptus pulp by lwarcel cellulose.
The logs are then sent to grinders, which break the wood down into pulp by pressing it between huge revolving slabs. Brief description of the pulp and paper making process request pdf. According to the operation process, chemical paper pulp cooking equipment can be divided into the batch cooking production line and the continuous. Supply chain management in the pulp and paper industry. The process name is derived from german kraft, 1 meaning strength in this context, due to the strength of the kraft paper produced using this process. Paper is made from wood fibers, but rags, flax, cotton linters, and bagasse sugar cane residues are also used in some papers. Request pdf brief description of the pulp and paper making process the paper manufacturing process has several stages raw material preparation and. The pulp and paper industry consists of approximately 5,520 facilities engaged in the manufacture of pulp, paper, and paperboard products from fibrous raw materials e. Dissolving pulp production whereas pulp cleanliness and strength many pulp and paper mills are modifying their existing process to generate dissolving pulps. The trends in employment and labour productivity in the pulp and paper industry.